CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE POST STREPTOCOCCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN

doi:10.21608/azjp.2021.194403

CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE POST STREPTOCOCCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN

Document Type : Original Article

10.21608/azjp.2021.194403

Abstract

Background: Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is characterized by abrupt onset of hematuria, edema, hypertension, oliguria and impaired renal function following streptococcal group A beta hemolytic streptococcai throat or skin infection (Bagga and Srivastava, 2011 and Roy et al., 2014). In pediatric age group APSGN, accounts for approximately 80% of cases of acute nephritic syndrome (ANS) (Smith et al., 2003; Bagga and Srivastava 2011, and Roy et al., 2014).
Aim of Study: Is to study the clinical presentation, complications and outcome of APSGN in children attending Assiut University Children Hospital (AUCH) as well as to follow-up of abnormal laboratory finding of serum complement system3 (C3) level after 6-8 weeks.
Patients and Methods: This prospective descriptive study was done for children attending AUCH, with clinical manifestation of acute PSGN. This study covered outpatient clinic and nephrology unit during one year period from 1st of May 2017 to 30th April 2018. In addition to meticulous history taking and thorough clinical examination, all cases in this study were subjected to the following laboratory investigations:
Urine analysis, urine spot protein creatinine ratio, ASOT, and serum complement C3 levels at admission and after 6-8 weeks.
Results: This study included 70 patients (40 were males and 30 were females). Patients included in the study were divided into three sub-groups according to their ages. We found that 90% of cases were found to have history of preceding pharyngitis / tonsillitis. The most common presenting complaint in this study was hematuria (82.9%). Complement C3 level at admission was decreased (
Conclusion: APSGN is a disease of a childhood. It represents a health problem in less wealthy nation. ASOT is perfect for detecting APSGN. Serum complement (C3) level is the corner stone for diagnosis of APSGN. Follow-up of serum complement (C3) level after 6-8 weeks has a good prognostic value. Short-term outcome of APSGN is excellent at expert hand.